In my most recently blog post, I suggested that we have stressers of two variations 1) that we adopt and 2) that we are forced to hold.
But it got me thinking, are we forced?
I decided to lean on ChatGPT to collect philosophical and psychological frameworks to explore this question.
Prompt:
you know how I wrote about stresses we adopt and ones we are forced to hold? I'm curious about the idea that perhaps everything is a decision. Perhaps we feel like we are forced to support our family, but perhaps everything is actually a decision to continue being a husband, or a version of a father we have decided is important. I'd love for you to expand upon this idea... are we actually forced to do anything? What would philosophers and psychologists say about this?
Response:
The question of whether we are truly forced to do anything or if all our actions are rooted in choice is a profound one. This inquiry touches on the nature of free will, responsibility, and the stories we tell ourselves about obligation. Let’s explore this through philosophical and psychological lenses.
Philosophical Perspectives
1. Existentialism: Freedom as a Burden
Existentialist philosophers like Jean-Paul Sartre argue that we are radically free—that every action we take is ultimately a choice, even in situations that feel like compulsion. For Sartre, even staying in a marriage or supporting a family isn’t something we are forced to do; it’s a decision we make, even if it’s shaped by societal norms or personal values.
However, this freedom comes with a burden: responsibility. If we acknowledge that everything is a choice, we must also accept the weight of owning those choices, even when they feel inescapable. This perspective can be liberating but also deeply unsettling.
2. Determinism: The Illusion of Choice
On the other side, determinists argue that our sense of choice is often illusory. According to this view, our decisions are influenced—if not dictated—by a web of factors: upbringing, genetics, culture, and circumstances. For example, you may feel “forced” to provide for your family because your values, shaped by your environment, make any alternative unthinkable.
Determinism doesn’t necessarily negate the idea of decision-making, but it reframes it: are we choosing freely, or are we acting out a script written by forces beyond our control?
Psychological Perspectives
1. Cognitive Dissonance: Reframing Obligations
Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when we feel tension between what we want and what we do, we often resolve it by reframing our actions as choices rather than obligations. For instance, someone might initially feel “forced” to work overtime to support their family, but over time, they may internalize this as a reflection of their values, such as being a dedicated parent or partner.
Psychologically, this reframing helps preserve a sense of agency, which is crucial for mental well-being. Feeling powerless (truly “forced”) can lead to stress, anxiety, or depression.
2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Choice Within Constraints
Abraham Maslow’s framework suggests that while basic survival needs (food, shelter, safety) can make certain actions feel non-negotiable, once those needs are met, we have more space to reflect on our deeper desires and values. Supporting a family might feel obligatory when survival is at stake, but beyond that, it often becomes a choice aligned with love, identity, or purpose.
3. Victor Frankl: Finding Meaning in the “Unavoidable”
Holocaust survivor and psychologist Victor Frankl offers a middle path. He suggests that while we may not always control our circumstances, we can always choose how we respond to them. Even when something feels like a “forced” burden—caring for an ailing parent, enduring a difficult job—we can find meaning in it. This meaning transforms what feels compulsory into a deliberate, life-affirming decision.
Are We Ever Truly Forced?
From these perspectives, the notion of being “forced” collapses into the realization that everything is a decision:
• Staying in a marriage could be framed as choosing to honor your values about commitment or to maintain stability for your children.
• Working a difficult job might reflect a decision to prioritize financial security or future opportunities.
• Even enduring societal or systemic pressures often involves an underlying choice to avoid the consequences of resistance.
But this doesn’t mean all decisions feel like free ones. The constraints—whether practical (economic needs), emotional (love, guilt), or societal—create a reality where some choices feel far more accessible than others.
Practical Implications
Acknowledging that everything is a decision invites us to:
1. Reframe Our Actions: Instead of saying, “I have to,” we might say, “I choose to.” This shift can feel empowering, even in difficult circumstances.
2. Reassess Priorities: If everything is a decision, it’s worth asking, Is this the decision I want to make? Sometimes, we discover we’re holding onto obligations that no longer align with our values.
3. Challenge Narratives of Obligation: What if the “forced” burdens we carry are actually stories we tell ourselves about who we need to be? Changing the story could open up new possibilities.
A Thought Experiment
Imagine your life as a series of crossroads. At each juncture, you have choices—even if some paths feel heavily obstructed or fraught with risk. What happens when you recognize the road you’re on as one you’ve chosen, not one you were pushed onto? How might that change how you walk it?
The beauty of this idea is that it doesn’t deny the weight of responsibility—it invites us to embrace it as an active, conscious part of our humanity. So, are we ever truly forced to do anything? Perhaps not. But recognizing our power to choose, even in constraint, might be the freest decision of all.
My follow-up prompt:
what do you think determines how much attention, space, and level of impact someone is able to access when invited to the thought experiment at the end?
Response:
The amount of attention, space, and level of impact someone can access when engaging with a thought experiment—like imagining their life as a series of choices—depends on a complex interplay of internal and external factors. Here’s an exploration of what determines their ability to deeply engage:
Internal Factors
1. Self-Awareness
• Individuals with a strong sense of self-awareness are better equipped to reflect on their decisions and the forces shaping them. This capacity allows them to see the crossroads clearly and recognize their agency.
• For someone with limited self-awareness, the experiment might feel abstract or inaccessible, as they may struggle to disentangle their choices from external pressures.
2. Emotional Readiness
• If a person is in a heightened state of stress or emotional overwhelm, they may lack the mental bandwidth to engage deeply. Conversely, someone in a stable or reflective state is more likely to create the mental space needed for introspection.
• Trauma or unresolved emotions can also create barriers, as the idea of choice may feel tied to guilt, regret, or perceived failures.
3. Beliefs About Free Will
• A person’s worldview significantly shapes their engagement. Someone who believes in free will and personal responsibility is more likely to resonate with the idea of choice. Those who lean toward determinism or fatalism might struggle to see their life as a series of crossroads rather than inevitabilities.
4. Curiosity and Imagination
• The thought experiment relies on the ability to envision possibilities. A curious and imaginative mind is more likely to explore alternative paths and reflect on what could have been, whereas someone more rigid in their thinking might default to seeing their path as fixed.
External Factors
1. Socioeconomic Context
• Privilege plays a significant role in how much freedom someone feels in their choices. For example, someone struggling to meet basic needs may find the concept of “choosing their path” more theoretical than practical, as their options are constrained by survival pressures.
• Access to resources like education, time, and supportive networks also determines how much “space” they can give to reflection and experimentation.
2. Cultural and Familial Expectations
• Societal norms and family pressures shape how people perceive their obligations. In collectivist cultures, for instance, the idea of choosing individual paths might clash with deeply ingrained values of community and duty.
• A person steeped in such expectations may feel guilt or resistance when invited to view their obligations as choices.
3. Quality of the Invitation
• The way the thought experiment is framed matters. A gentle, empathetic approach can make the invitation feel like a safe exploration. If presented too bluntly, it may trigger defensiveness or feelings of inadequacy.
• Language, tone, and timing are crucial in creating a space where someone feels ready to engage without judgment or pressure.
The Impact of Reflection
The impact of the thought experiment hinges on how deeply someone can explore their answers. Here’s what influences the depth of that impact:
1. Openness to Discomfort
• Honest reflection can be uncomfortable, especially when it surfaces regrets or missed opportunities. Those who are willing to sit with this discomfort often reap the greatest insights.
• For someone who avoids discomfort, the experiment may remain superficial, limiting its transformative potential.
2. Supportive Environment
• Engaging with life’s big questions is often more impactful when done in a supportive context—whether through therapy, coaching, or a trusted community. This support can help process difficult emotions and provide validation.
3. Time and Repetition
• Profound insights rarely come in a single sitting. Revisiting the experiment over time allows layers of understanding to unfold, deepening the sense of agency and perspective.
Creating an Inclusive Invitation
To maximize attention, space, and impact, consider these strategies:
1. Acknowledge Constraints
• Start by validating that not everyone feels equally free to make choices. For instance: “I understand that some paths may feel more accessible than others. This isn’t about denying real constraints—it’s about seeing what’s possible within them.”
2. Encourage Gradual Exploration
• Rather than asking someone to reimagine their entire life, invite them to reflect on smaller, more manageable choices first. For example: “What’s one decision you made this week that felt meaningful? How might you have approached it differently?”
3. Provide Reflective Prompts
• Questions like these can guide deeper thinking:
• What story do I tell myself about my obligations?
• What values influence the decisions I make?
• If I felt completely free, what would I choose right now?
4. Normalize Ambivalence
• People may feel torn between seeing themselves as “forced” and recognizing their agency. Normalize this tension: “It’s okay to feel both constrained and free—it’s part of being human.”
By addressing both internal and external factors and crafting a thoughtful invitation, the thought experiment can help people access a deeper sense of choice, even in the face of life’s complexities.